|
Drugs
|
Trimester
of risk |
Adverse effects |
| 4. Infections |
|
|
| (a)
Antibacterial drugs |
|
|
|
Aminoglycosides |
2,3 |
Auditory or vestibular nerve
damage. Risk greatest with streptomycin and kanamycin; probably
small with gentamicin and tobramicin |
|
Chloramphenicol |
3 |
Neonatal grey syndrome |
|
Dapsone |
3 |
Neonatal haemolysis methaemoglobinaemia |
|
Rifampicin |
3 |
Risk of neonatal bleeding may
be increased |
Sulphonamides (and
co-trimoxazole) |
3 |
Neonatal haemolysis and methaemoglobinaemia.
Increased risk of kernicterus in jaundiced neonates |
|
Tetracyclines |
2,3 |
Dental discoloration. Maternal
hepatotoxicity with large parenteral doses |
Trimethoprim
(and
co-trimoxazole) |
1 |
Possible teratogenic risk (folate
antagonist) |
|
(b) Antifungals Flucytosin |
1 |
Possible teratogenic risk |
| (c)
Antimalarials |
1,3 |
Benefit of prophylaxis and treatment
in malaria outweighs risk |
|
Premaquine |
3 |
Neonatal haemolysis and methaemoglobinaemia |
| Pyrimethamine |
1 |
Possible teratogenic risk (folate
antagonist) |
|
Quinine |
1 |
High doses are teratogenic
|
|
|
|
|
| 5. Nutrition and Blood |
|
|
|
Vitamin A |
1 |
Excessive doses may possibly
be teratogenic |
| Vitamin
K |
|
|
Menadiol sodium diphosphate
|
3 |
Neonatal haemolysis.
Increased risk of kernicterus in jaundiced neonates. |
